Speech, vocalized, is disarticulated by the air. Words resound as sonic intensities just as they become empty indexes of an event.
From the machine to the voice: to the voice as exactly that which makes a rupture in the midst of an indexing machinery which is built on the legibility of the text.
The voice as a [...]
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The Machine Stumbled on the Voice
Wikipedia entries, by date
1.15 Enigma Machine
1.16 Cybernetics
1.16 Artificial Intelligence
2.2 XML
2.2 XSL-FO 1.0
2.10 Unicode
2.10 Camel Case
Hearing Writing
Imagine the following model for writing.
Every text exists first as something read aloud by another. If a text is authored, if it is original, it must be vocalized by its author; it cannot be written down. A text, as writing, can only exist as something copied by a listener in the time in which it [...]
Transcription Constraint
It is very evident early on that any transcription will be produced by virtue of serious exclusions and distortions. An early question I am having is to what degree to intervene in the transcription, in order to produce something coherent and readable.
If the transcription cannot be produced accurately by software from audio recordings, then discriminating [...]
Index Machine
The project is to capture speech and to transform it into writing according to a developing system of constraints.
The project is—at the same time—to develop a space and set of tools by which a community can author a collective statement.
And: there is an emerging interest in this research to document the very process of research [...]
Script—Speech—Subtitle
In a film for which subtitles in another language are provided, the subtitles are presumably derived from the script which the actors follow, if there is one. This is evident in certain moments of a film, for instance when the speech is too quiet to be heard but still receives a subtitle. Thus the subtitles [...]
Formal 1
What is the minimum of typographic form necessary to legibly reproduce a text and/or to write? Italic, the underline, a space between paragraphs.
There is a possible book in which italics, say, do several kinds of work: to indicate citation, proper name, but also (at the same time) as an emphasis.
What would it mean to collapse [...]
Argument for Typography 1
Turing reformulates the question, Can machines think?, in the terms of a game in which an interrogator questions two (invisible) entities in order to determine the gender of each [Turing, 1950]. The question becomes whether the interrogator will decide wrongly as often when one of the entities being questioned is a machine.
It is critical in [...]